| That was then |
This is now |
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Prior to the Coalitions
Program, NSF had funded three institutions (RHIT, TAMU,
and Drexel) to develop a new concept called integrated
engineering curricula. In 1993, when the FC began, those
three programs were the only ones that had made substantive
progress in the development of integrated curricula.
There was no evidence of pervasive use of active and
cooperative learning in any engineering program: assessing
program objectives and student outcomes in a formal
way to promote continuous curricular improvement throughout
an engineering program were rare.
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In 2000, many schools
are developing more integrated curricula. Instructors
are incorporating active and cooperative learning into
their pedagogical toolboxes, and EC2000 now requires
a systemic and formal approach to continuous assessment,
evaluation, and improvement of program objectives and
student outcomes. Clearly the NSF Engineering Education
Coalitions Program cannot take credit for all of these
changes. However, careful analysis shows that the institutions
participating in the Coalitions Program provided significant
influence on these changes.
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Today's
engineering education environment differs vastly from that
of seven years ago. Motivated by a desire to improve student
recruitment, performance, and graduation rates, as well as
by external influences such as ABET 2000, more institutions
are ready to make fundamental changes in their programs. As
these institutions explore the research on engineering education
(much of which is directly attributable to the Coalitions
Program), they quickly conclude that the pedagogical theories
that the FC advocatesintegrated programs, active and
cooperative learning, technology-enabled learning, and continuous
improvement through assessment and evaluationcan address
all these issues in a very positive way. So the question becomes
not whether these pedagogical approaches improve the learning
environment but rather what is practical and affordable.
Institutions
considering alternative curriculum models can use FC partner
institutions as tremendous resources. From the early years
of the FC, when pilot curricula were first implemented, to
today's institutionalized curricula, partners have developed,
implemented, assessed, and evaluated dozens of different models
of integrated courses in engineering, as illustrated in the
accompanying diagram. Over 250 faculty have been engaged in
these efforts and have utilized active and collaborative learning,
technology-enabled instruction, and curricular assessment
of student outcomes. Faculty can not only provide syllabi
and exam questions for different curriculum models, they can
also articulate strengths and weaknesses of the various models
and the degree of alignment with the numerous system factors
at their institution. Concluding there are seven models, the
final institutionalized programs at our original partner campuses,
to learn from is missing the best part of the story.
One
of the major reasons the FC chose to move into our second
five years of funding with two new partners (the University
of Wisconsin and the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth)
was to demonstrate that our reforms could be adopted and adapted
faster and cheaper by institutions willing to learn from the
FC. These two campuses considered all FC models, even those
that were not adopted on our campuses.
For
the freshman year, UMD chose to pilot a highly integrated
model for one year and, after considering the assessment data,
has this year institutionalized that model. They are now in
the process of piloting the sophomore year. UW chose to pilot
a model more like the institutionalized TAMU version, with
strong links across different cohort groups. They have doubled
the size of the pilot this year and will institutionalize
after one additional year of modification. These
institutions understood that constraints, timing, or politics
might influence the final form of a curriculum. They considered
why some models, even those with very high results in student
performance, were not adopted and why others were. This information
was as valuable to them in making their change decisions as
detailed information about course syllabi and classroom design.
What they can now offer to the engineering education community
is the perspective of a phase II prototype: why they made
the decisions they did and how they were able to capitalize
on the experiences of FC institutions.
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